LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION
(Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
February 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of import
and export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and export
commodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties
involved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China's
economic and trade relations with foreign countries.
Article 2
The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and Export
Commodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection of
import and export commodities throughout the country. The local import and
export commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as the
commodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import and
export commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.
Article 3
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
commodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law,
perform the inspection of import and export commodities.
Article 4
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light of
the needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish a
List of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by the
Commodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List of
Commodities).
Article 5
Import and export commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rules
and regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authorities
or inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. No
permission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection;
and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be up
to standard through inspection.
Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of this
Article may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approval
of an application from the consignee or consignor by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection.
Article 6
Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodity
inspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity,
weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene.
Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or other
inspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by laws
or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance
with such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations,
import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with the
inspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.
Article 7
Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by other
inspection organizations under laws or administrative rules and
regulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions of
relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.
Article 8
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection of
import and export commodities and make it available to the relevant
circles.
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Article 9
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee must
register them with the commodity inspection authorities located at the
port of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspection
authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 10
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the time
limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspection
certificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in a
foreign trade contract.
Article 11
If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection by
the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are found
to be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight or
quantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspection
authorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificate
if such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.
Article 12
For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in large
size, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in a
foreign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervision
over manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment,
while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen their
supervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary,
dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection and
supervision.
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Article 13
For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within the
time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate without
delaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper for
release issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of the
same authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 14
Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodity
inspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paper
for release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared for
export and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified by
the same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entail
reapplication for inspection.
Article 15
An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods must
apply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of the
performance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous export
goods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use of
packagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerous
goods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.
Article 16
For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, the
carrier or the organization using the containers shall apply for
inspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading and
shipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Article 17
The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection of
import and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. No
permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found to
be substandard in a random inspection.
Article 18
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assign
inspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over the
quality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.
Article 19
The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the quality
certification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreements
signed between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
foreign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodies
concerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks on
import and export commodities which have been given quality certification.
Article 20
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in their
inspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroad
with the inspection of import and export commodities after examining their
qualifications.
Article 21
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodity
inspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import and
export commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizations
designated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of the
commodities which have been inspected by such organization.
Article 22
The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system for
important import and export commodities and their manufacturers. The
specific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competent
departments under the State Council.
Article 23
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodity
inspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to be
up to standard through inspection.
Article 24
In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commodities
disagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodity
inspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the same
authorities, to those at the next higher level or to the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspection
shall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the application
for reinspection.
Article 25
The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizations
designated by them and other inspection organizations approved by the
State Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business of
superintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted by
parties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies.
The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and export
commodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight and
packing of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes with
respect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes;
damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions for
the shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of the
origin or value of exports and other superintending and surveying
services.
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Article 26
Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposely
markets or uses import commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection
authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and
regulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposely
exports export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities
or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in
accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without
having such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be fined
by the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are serious
and cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.
Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law,
purposely exports export commodities which have been found substandard
during a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shall
be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 27
If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals or
stamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodity
inspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if the
circumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodity
inspection authorities.
Article 28
If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodity
inspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on
the punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities which
have made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or to
the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refuses
to accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days of
receiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit nor
complies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit,
the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishment
decision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.
Article 29
Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or of
the commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel of
the inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuses
his power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives or
friends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection and
issue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall,
depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative
sanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated according
to law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 30
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
shall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying out
inspection or performing superintending and surveying services in
accordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collecting
fees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity
Inspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the State
Council.
Article 31
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force after
being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 32
This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989. The Regulations of
the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export
Commodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall be
invalidated as of the same date.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
甘肃省人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《甘肃省建筑市场管理条例》的决定
甘肃省人大常委会
甘肃省人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《甘肃省建筑市场管理条例》的决定
（2004年6月4日甘肃省第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议通过 自公布之日起施行）
甘肃省第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议决定对《甘肃省建筑市场管理条例》作如下修改：
一、第六条修改为“从事下列建筑活动的单位和个人，应当依照法律、行政法规的规定，取得相应的资质、从业资格证书和营业执照，按照核定的范围经营业务：
（一）建设工程的勘察设计、施工、工程总承包；
（二）建设监理、工程咨询、招标代理；
（三）建设工程的质量检测；
（四）法律、行政法规规定其他需要实行资质管理的。”
二、删去第七条。
三、第九条修改为“资质证书由建设行政主管部门依照法律、行政法规的规定，按照管理权限核发、审验，并根据审验结果，决定资质的升、降或者暂扣。”
四、删去第十条。
五、第十二条修改为“工程建设项目包括项目的勘察、设计、施工、监理以及与工程建设有关的重要设备、材料等的采购，必须依法进行招标。”
六、第十三条修改为“建设单位在建设工程开工前，应当依照法律、行政法规规定到建设行政主管部门申请领取施工许可证。未取得施工许可证的工程项目，不得开工。”
七、第十八条第一款修改为“省外建筑业企业来本省承揽工程，应当依照法律、行政法规接受省建设行政主管部门的监督和管理。”
八、第三十六条第（二）项修改为“（二）未领取工程建设项目施工许可证而开工的；”
九、第三十七条修改为“违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一者，责令限期改正，没收违法所得，停止交易活动或者施工，可以处一万元以上二十万元以下的罚款。
（一）未按照规定进行工程招标的；
（二）转让监理业务的；
（三）不办理质量监督手续的；
（四）倒手转包工程的。”
本决定自公布之日起施行。
《甘肃省建筑市场管理条例》根据本决定作相应修改，重新公布。
附：甘肃省建筑市场管理条例（2004年修正本）
（1996年6月1日省八届人大常委会第二十一次会议通过 根据2004年6月4日省十届人大常委会第十次会议《关于修改〈甘肃省建筑市场管理条例〉的决定》修正）
第一章 总则
第一条 为了加强建筑市场管理，维护建筑市场的正常秩序，保证工程质量，保护建筑活动当事人的合法权益，根据国家有关法律、法规的规定，结合本省实际，制定本条例。
第二条 凡在本省行政区域内从事建设工程勘察、设计、施工（含装饰、装修）、建筑构配件和非标准设备加工及其发包、承包等建筑活动和工程咨询等中介服务活动的单位和个人，均应遵守本条例。
第三条 建筑经营活动应当遵循公平竞争、合法交易和诚实信用的原则。
禁止部门分割、地区封锁和行业垄断建筑市场。
第四条 省人民政府建设行政主管部门负责全省建筑市场的管理。县级以上建设行政主管部门，按照分级管理、分工负责的原则，负责本行政区域内建筑市场的管理。
第五条 各级工商行政管理等部门依据有关法律、法规赋予的职能，负责建筑市场的监督管理。
第二章 资质管理
第六条 从事下列建筑活动的单位和个人，应当依照法律、行政法规的规定，取得相应的资质、从业资格证书和营业执照，按照核定的范围经营业务：
（一）建设工程的勘察设计、施工、工程总承包；
（二）建设监理、工程咨询、招标代理；
（三）建设工程的质量检测；
（四）法律、行政法规规定其他需要实行资质管理的。
第七条 取得资质证书的单位和个人，应当按照资质证书规定的范围从事建筑和工程中介服务活动。不得出卖、转让、伪造、涂改资质证书。禁止无证从事建筑活动。
单位终止、分立、合并的，应当予以注销或者重新办理资质证书。
第八条 资质证书由建设行政主管部门依照法律、行政法规的规定，按照管理权限核发、审验，并根据审验结果，决定资质的升、降或者暂扣。
第三章 发包管理
第九条 建设工程的发包应当具备下列条件：
（一）已经国家、部门、地方批准建设，建设资金能够满足工程进度的需要；
（二）依法领取了选址意见书、建设用地规划许可证、建设工程规划许可证，已经办理土地征用和拆迁手续；
（三）初步设计及概算已经批准，有能够满足需要的有关资料及图纸；
（四）已经办理了报建手续。
第十条 工程建设项目包括项目的勘察、设计、施工、监理以及与工程建设有关的重要设备、材料等的采购，必须依法进行招标。
第十一条 建设单位在建设工程开工前，应当依照法律、行政法规规定到建设行政主管部门申请领取施工许可证。未取得施工许可证的工程项目，不得开工。
第十二条 建设工程建成后，建设单位应当及时申请组织竣工验收。
第四章 承包管理
第十三条 凡具备承包能力、符合投标规定条件的单位，均可投标承包工程。
第十四条 承包单位承包的建设工程应当自行组织完成。具有总承包资格的单位可以向具有承包资格的单位分包工程。
禁止倒手转包工程。
第十五条 分包工程应当遵守下列规定：
（一）分包的施工企业必须具有与分包工程项目相应等级的资质证书；
（二）分包工程项目应当经发包单位同意；
（三）工程总承包与分包企业应当签订分包施工合同；
（四）工程总承包企业必须对分包工程的质量、工期、以及合同规定的内容向发包方负责。
第十六条 省外建筑业企业来本省承揽工程，应当依照法律、行政法规接受省建设行政主管部门的监督和管理。
港、澳、台地区或者国外的单位和个人来本省承包工程、从事中介服务活动的，应当遵守中华人民共和国法律、法规，持有效证件，办理有关手续并接受监督和管理。
第五章 中介服务管理
第十七条 工程建设实行建设监理制度。监理单位应当按照合同规定对委托方负责。监理业务不得转让。
监理单位应当履行下列职责：
（一）向发包方提供决策建议，协助发包方进行工程发包和工程发包时的招标工作；
（二）协助发包方实施与承包方签订的勘察、设计、施工合同；
（三）协助发包方控制投资支出，合理支付工程款；
（四）提出并协助解决设计中的问题，负责监控工程质量和进度；
（五）发包方委托的其他职责。
第十八条 工程咨询应当委托有相应资质的咨询单位承担。
从事工程咨询服务的单位，应当及时提供可靠的资料和信息。
第十九条 建设工程及其材料、设备质量的检测，应当委托有相应资质的检测单位进行。
对检测结果有异议的，可以申请复测；经复测后仍有争议的，可以申请建设行政主管部门处理。
第六章 造价管理
第二十条 建设工程造价实行统一管理，执行国家和省统一制定的工程概算、预算、费用定额以及计价办法。
专业专用建设工程，参照执行国务院有关部门制定的专业建设工程概算、预算、费用定额以及计价办法。
第二十一条 省建设行政主管部门应当根据国家规定和建筑材料的价格以及人工、机械费用的变化情况，适时调整建设工程定额、费用定额及计价依据和计价办法。
计划内基本建设工程概算的调整，应与同级计划等部门会商。
第二十二条 建设工程的设计和施工阶段，应当分阶段编制设计概算、施工预算；建设工程竣工后，应当编制竣工决算，并接受建设行政主管部门的审查。
第七章 合同管理
第二十三条 从事建设工程的发包方、承包方、中介服务方，均应当依法签订书面合同，并使用国家或省统一制发的合同文本。
第二十四条 签订工程承发包合同，应当执行国家和本省的现行工程造价管理规定。招标工程应当按照中标价格签订施工合同。
承发包双方可以在合同中明确约定工程价款调整原则及方法。
第二十五条 签订工程承发包合同，应当按照国家和本省的有关规定合理确定工程工期。
发包方对工程工期有特殊要求的，双方应当在合同中明确约定。
第二十六条 在签订工程承发包合同时，承包方可以要求发包方提供按期支付资金、供应设备等履约担保；发包方可以要求承包方提供工期、质量、安全等履约担保。
第二十七条 履行承发包合同过程中，发生纠纷，合同当事人双方应当协商解决。协商不成的，可以申请调解，也可以申请仲裁或向人民法院起诉。
第八章 质量安全管理
第二十八条 建设工程的勘察、设计、施工，必须严格执行国家和本省有关质量、安全的规定及技术规范和标准，并按照国家和本省的有关规定接受建设行政主管部门的监督检查。
工程建设必须严格按照批准的设计文件施工，不得随意变更。
第二十九条 建设单位在工程开工前应当办理质量监督手续。工程建设过程中，严格执行质量监督制度。工程竣工后，由工程质量监督机构严格按标准核定质量等级。
未核定质量等级或者核定为质量不合格的建筑产品，不得交付使用。
第三十条 用于工程的建筑材料、建筑工业产品和设备，必须符合产品质量标准和设计要求，具有出厂合格证。
不得指定使用或者使用劣质建筑材料、建筑工业产品和设备，不得偷工减料。
第三十一条 承包方应当在规定期限内对建筑产品实行保修，其费用由责任方承担。保修的质量应当经质量监督机构认可。
第三十二条 施工单位必须采取有效措施，文明施工，安全施工。施工现场的粉尘、废气、废水、固体废弃物的排放和处理以及噪声、振动指标等，均应符合国家和省环保法律、法规的规定。
第九章 法律责任
第三十三条 违反本条例规定的，由各级建设行政主管部门、工商行政管理机关或其在法定权限内委托的符合法定条件的组织，按照各自的职权进行查处。构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第三十四条 违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一者，责令限期补办手续，停止违法行为，没收违法所得，可以处一万元以上十万元以下的罚款：
（一）未办理资质审查手续或者未取得资质证书、营业执照进行建筑活动的，单位分立或者合并未重新办理资质审查手续的；
（二）未领取工程建设项目施工许可证而开工的；
（三）出卖、转让、伪造、涂改资质证书、营业执照和设计图签的；
（四）超越资质证书、营业执照规定的范围从事建筑活动的；
（五）不编制或不按规定编制建设工程概算、预算和决算的。
第三十五条 违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一者，责令限期改正，没收违法所得，停止交易活动或者施工，可以处一万元以上二十万元以下的罚款：
（一）未按照规定进行工程招标的；
（二）转让监理业务的；
（三）不办理质量监督手续的；
（四）倒手转包工程的。
第三十六条 违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一者，给予警告、通报批评、降低资质等级或者暂扣资质证书，可以处五万元以上二十万元以下的罚款：
（一）指定使用、使用无合格证或者质量不合格的建筑材料、建筑工业产品和设备的；
（二）违反合同约定，未按照标准进行勘察、设计、施工的；
（三）交付使用或者自行使用未核定质量等级或核定为质量不合格建筑产品的。
前款所列行为，造成经济损失的，责任方应当依法承担赔偿责任。
第三十七条 违反本条例第三十四条规定的，由建设行政、环境保护部门依法处理。
第三十八条 各级建设行政主管部门工作人员、建筑市场管理人员，以及参与建筑市场管理和验收的其他人员，在监督管理和验收工作中以权谋私、玩忽职守、索贿受贿、徇私舞弊的，由其所在单位或上级主管部门根据情节轻重给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第三十九条 以暴力、威胁方式拒绝、阻碍建筑市场管理人员依法执行公务的，由公安机关依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》处理。
第四十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。
当事人逾期不申请复议，也不向人民法院起诉又不履行处罚决定的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
第十章 附则
第四十一条 本条例实施中的具体应用问题，由省人民政府建设行政主管部门负责解释。
第四十二条 本条例自公布之日起施行。
